Perspectives - Personal Finance Blog

Linda says:

Relief appears to be around the corner for oil prices, hopefully for oil dependent countries and poor motorists.The words “demand destruction” are being used to describe the phenomenon. The rationale for the fall appears to be that multiple countries are heading towards some form of economic slowdown with signs of trouble involving now Europe and Japan. And thus the private and commercial use of oil is falling.

In its normal cycle, demand will not start rising until the colder months of the Northern hemisphere. Apart from demand, prices are heavily impacted by changes in production and various types of geopolitical instability. Iran remains an uncertainty, Iraq is improved but not stable, and strife has impacted Georgia.

Georgia is home to current pipelines supplying Europe and the future home of several proposed pipelines. Russia’s government and it military are heavily funded by oil revenues. And, not surprisingly its military are now in parts of Georgia, reasserting Russia’s traditional influence in the area.

Whilst there are other issues such as missiles, and proposed NATO membership for Georgia involved in the conflict, the aim of many of the pipeline projects is to supply Europe with alternate energy sources to those under Russian control. Countries such as Russia and Iran are not favorably disposed to a fall in prices, and can be expected to try to influence the price back up.

While the economic situation would appear to favor a price fall, military actions or threats may be designed to counter this trend.

Linda says:

You would have thought that demand for oil would have fallen with the way prices are heading higher and higher. Whilst there is evidence that demand is falling in the United States, in the form of a general economic slowdown, consumption is still rising rapidly in many other areas.

In China the cost of fuel is subsidized so there is less pressure from price rises. The oil rich countries of the Middle East have cheap oil as well, so traffic jams in Dubai are not going to be curtailed by a rising world price. The falling US dollar is also cushioning some countries from the full rise in the US dollar price.

The price is also being driven higher by speculation and the continual instability in the Middle East. The threat of some form of confrontation involving Iran does remain, certainly until Bush leaves office. Knowing what is really happening there, in the midst of bluff and counter bluff is impossible.

However, the current high prices will cause slowing of the world economy in oil importing countries. The governor of the European Central Bank, M Trichet, has admitted as much when he has cautioned that further turmoil of financial markets could occur. The rise in oil will also dampen many economies and worsen inflation problems. If inflation goes higher, interest rates are likely to follow.

Linda says:

Beware Asian Problems (in the upcoming year of the Rat)

The last week has not been good on Wall Street, but keep an eye out for problems in China. If you are an Australian investor (or have a superannuation fund do the investing for you), every day has been colored in red ink. Not good!!! For the total masochists, or those who are sleeping very poorly, there have been the European and American markets to look at in the middle of the night. The news from there has not been conducive to a good night’s rest!

How previously highly regarded corporations, such as Merrill Lynch and Citigroup, could lose such astounding sums is mind blowing. But while all the attention has been on Wall Street and the sub prime loan shambles, there is a market in our own time zone to keep a close eye on.

The most speculative market in the world is to the north of us, in Shanghai. Whilst foreigners are largely excluded from dabbling in it, the biggest gambling den in China is not in Macau but in the Shanghai Stock market. There are lots of crazy valuations here, for those nostalgic for the Nasdaq at the height of the dot-com boom.

The communist party bosses in Beijing are presiding over a large scale, frenzy of ridiculous prices with shares in some companies selling at 95% more in Shanghai, than shares in the identical company are selling for in Hong Kong. Even the famous Mr Alan Greenspan, has called Shanghai “a Bubble”.

Enthusiastic, ordinary Chinese are mortgaging their houses to participate in the easy, riches of the Shanghai market. The government is worried, and trying to slowly raise interest rates to control inflation and excesses. A 9% fall in Shanghai on February 27th, 2007, triggered losses around the world. This is a market known for rapid movements.

Since a quarter of China’s economy depends on exports to the US, the widely expected American slowdown may complicate the Chinese problems.

Problems in Shanghai are a question of when, rather than if, with direct implications for Australian resource stocks.

Linda says:

Look beyond the headlines to help you decide what to do?

How do you figure out whether a recession is likely when governments, central banks, newspapers and other groups are often lying to you?

In the field of commodities, 2007 was a very good year with increases in grains, metals oil and gold.

But what does the future hold? If you try to get a picture of future economic activity, you can look at measures such as housing starts and building approvals. In the resources industry, with mega takeovers proposed, it is hard to get an unbiased and accurate picture as opposed to spin, and public relations statements.

One infrequently reported, but extremely important measure is the Baltic Dry Index.

This measure is actually London based, and measures the cost of moving bulk goods around the world by sea. It deals with cost of carrying materials such as ores, coal and grains but does not measure the carriage of manufactured goods.

In the last couple of years, being in the bulk goods business has been highly profitable, with the Baltic Dry Index rising 150% last year. But in the last week, there have been 3 major falls, with a Plunge of 5.7% in a single day. The index has fallen rapidly and is now 37% off from its highs.

When there are more goods to ship, than ships available, the cost goes up and this, of course, also works in reverse. Thus, if the cost of shipping is falling so rapidly, the demand for shipping is falling and there will be fewer bulk goods to transport. And, eventually, a decrease in manufactured goods as well. The shares of shipping companies are busy falling too!

Thus commodity prices and the economies dependent on them, may not be as insulated from global woes as they might like to think they are! In other words, mining and other commodity related stocks are likely to go DOWN if the demand for their products is falling. Instead of the crystal ball, keep an eye on the Baltic Dry Index.

Linda says:

Food prices are an upcoming political issue.

Inflation and the rise in the price of food and fuel is becoming a mainstream media issue. In the United States the cost of heating oil has soared. As oil approaches a hundred dollars per barrel, more and more land is being planted with corn for ethanol production. This is land, which would otherwise be planted with grains, for human or livestock consumption.

Products such as wheat and soybeans are at record prices and the rising affluence of large populations in China and India is straining the demand, and price, of a large range of foodstuffs. Wheat has risen in price by 90% in twelve months. Whether it is the price of pasta in Italy or bread in Germany, price rises are a hot topic. A new inflationary cycle is beginning which could lead to demands for higher wages, to offset the rising cost of living.

Most affected are poorer people for whom foodstuffs represent a higher proportion of their expenditure - thus the risk of social unrest and upheaval is correlated to rises in food prices. Apart from the rises in price of food staples themselves, the rise in oil prices is increasing the costs of transportation to markets.

Droughts, pollution and loss of land to industrialization, (especially in China), are all playing their part in why the loaves at your local bakery are going up steeply in price.

Linda says:

Financial and political crises are benefiting the price of gold.

With an ongoing crisis in the banking system, no shortage of political upheaval, especially now in nuclear armed Pakistan, 2008 is looking like a good year for investing in some gold. Precious metals were the investment darlings of the early 1980’s, but then lost money for investors for decades. The Bank of England and many other central banks sold down their gold reserves, and gold seemed archaic and only suitable for jewellery.

However since about 2003, gold has been making a comeback as an investment class. Gold may pay no interest or dividend, but it has been a store of value since the days of the pharaohs. A gold mining company may declare bankruptcy, but a gold bar cannot. And it does not have any hidden sub-prime loans on its balance sheet. It is not going to inform the market of a slowdown in construction activity. Thus it is a tangible asset and is seen as a traditional inflation hedge.

In the unstable Middle East, and among the newly prosperous classes in India and China, investment in gold is rising both as an inflation hedge and a traditional store of wealth. After losing money on complex mortgage related investments, the appeal of precious metals is also expected to rise in Western countries.

The US at the moment has negative real interest rates (treasury bond 2 year rates are less than the rate of inflation), which traditionally favours gold. Even one of the US presidential hopefuls, Dr Ron Paul, has been advocating returning the currencies to the gold standard.

If you are interested in putting some money into gold, it is prudent to start building a position shortly, before the rise is in the gold price is on every magazine cover. Gold shares are correlated to the price of physical gold, but also negatively impacted by any form of stock market correction. Rising costs for machinery and labour are impacting the gold mining shares adversely.

And Osama Bin Laden putting out a “Christmas message” urging more mayhem and strife, benefits the precious metals dealers (as well as the arms dealers, of course.) Gold was up 30% in 2007 and 2008 is likely to be a very good year.